ONLINE LIBRARY

An Amazing Experiment

Publisher: Lectures Universal Ltd
Published: 1936
Pages: 128

Part 2: The Problem of the Pipes

 - Charles Drayton Thomas -

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The outstanding feature of the Bobbie Newlove records is the story of "The Pipes". For convenience of reference I have gathered together the scattered statements and placed them in order. This is prefaced by an abbreviated outline of the course of events from the first mention of the pipes to their final discovery.

The Problem of the Pipes
(Abbreviated outline)

          THE STORY opens with a letter of appeal from Mr. Hatch in which he informed me of the recent loss of a boy aged ten. The cause of death was diphtheria. In a further letter the boy's name, Bobbie Newlove, was given. Beyond this, and the address of the boy's home, I knew nothing of the facts which subsequently emerged.

Quite early in this series of sittings with Mrs. Leonard I was told that Bobbie's uncle had passed over two years before and was now with him; later, the name Arthur was added. Mr. Hatch replied to this that the boy's paternal uncle Arthur had died some two years previously. On learning this I thought - and it was an idea which strengthened as the sittings proceeded - that this uncle, with my father and sister, would probably discuss matters with Bobbie and advise him in the choice of suitable memories to give as evidence of his identity.

It may have been owing to their conclusions about the cause of Bobbie's death that my sister Etta took early occasion to say that, although the boy died of diphtheria, there had been something which previously weakened his constitution so that when diphtheria attacked him he could not withstand it. My father subsequently expressed a like opinion, and added that this predisposition might be traced to something which happened nine weeks before the boy's death, and he asked my special attention to this fact. I quote one of his sentences verbatim: "If it happened to anyone connected with you, you would have immediately linked up the two happenings, nine weeks before his passing and his actual passing."

It may be that I saw in this some challenge to my intelligence; for I resolved to discover what was implied in those remarks.

When I asked to be told exactly what it was which the above assertion hinted, the reply came, "Pipes-pipes, he just says this - pipes. That word should be sufficient." This seemed to suggest infection from defective drainage, and I expected that the family would acquiesce in this. But they refused to accept any suggestion of the kind, and replied that they could not trace the matter at all, that the word "pipes" conveyed nothing to them, and that they did not know of any event nine weeks before the boy's death which could in any sense be thought to connect with it.

It was entirely owing to this statement, and to the family's failure to realize what was meant, that I thought it important to discover what and where these pipes might be. Fifteen years' experience with Mrs. Leonard assured me that anything my father said through her would be based on fact.

Persevering effort, the progress of which is described in the following pages, finally brought to light something which the family had not known namely, that in a remote spot, where Bobbie had frequently played during the weeks preceding his death, water issued through pipes from springs in the hillside.

It was eventually ascertained by professional analysis that although the spring water is pure, yet the pools into which it falls are badly contaminated.

It is important to notice that no suggestion of infection from contaminated water had occurred to anyone until it was hinted in these messages; and further, it was entirely due to information given in these trance conversations that we learnt that Bobbie had played by these pools. Six months elapsed before their existence was discovered, and meanwhile the communicators at almost every sitting were giving clue after clue, thus leading us finally to the spot where the pipes and contaminated pools were found.

The whole story centres round the fact that Bobbie and a boy friend had formed themselves into a secret society which they called "the Gang", and in the early summer began to frequent a place called "The Heights" for play and adventure. Being a secret society, they did not divulge the whereabouts of their playing-ground.

We will now trace the indications given in successive sittings which finally enabled us to realize what was meant by "the pipes".

Three months after the first mention of pipes, the family accidentally learnt the general direction of the place where the gang had played; but the area was large and unexplored by the family, and they were without any clue as to why pipes had been mentioned. It was not until my visit on July 1, 1933, that one pipe was discovered there. The second pipe, which justified the use of the plural word, was not found until later.

At the sitting in January, 1933, Bobbie repeated the assertion that his trouble was traceable to the pipes, and when I replied that his people failed to find any connection between his illness and pipes Feda merely remarked that she considered Bobbie a very clear-minded and intelligent boy. I therefore asked the family if they thought it probable that Bobbie might have heard diphtheria spoken of in connection with bad drains. The reply was: "We do not know. It is very unlikely that Bobbie had heard of anyone catching the disease from pipes."

The subject was resumed at a sitting later, in January, 1933, and the further information was then given that the pipes were not in a place to which he went regularly, nor to which he went direct from home, but that he had gone to them when in a second place. Clues to this second place were then given, and included a reference to animals, which my father asked me to note particularly because, "his people may say when they first read it that Bobbie never went to a place where there were such things. But he did." Among further descriptions of the place was reference to a barn, having one side nearly or entirely open, more like a place of shelter, and containing bundles of straw. Another boy was said to have been there with Bobbie and to have been the reason for Bobbie's going. Although these clues eventually led us to the right spot, they were of no help at this early stage because the family were not familiar with the locality in question.

During a sitting in February, 1933, I expressed a wish that some definite name might be given in order to assist the search. Feda then said that she was being given a name like "Bentley", and then, after some struggles and uncertainty as to the word intended, she pronounced "Stock" and proceeded to describe a town and certain streets. In fact, a route was described and, as I learnt afterwards, quite correctly, which started from Bobbie's home, taking a loop round the railway station nearby, and then going up hill past Bentley Street (in which Bobbie's school was situated) and leading onward towards the old Stocks. The latter stand at the entrance to the Churchyard. Now that we know where the pipes are, it is easy to see that Bobbie's description led us three-quarters of the way to the place. These descriptions make it perfectly clear that the intelligence giving them was intimately acquainted with Bobbie's home and its surroundings. I should add here that I knew nothing whatever about it, and that the trance medium was never told that the town in question had become of interest to me. In subsequent sittings additional touches were given which, while they gave us no help at the time, are significant because ultimately found to be correct.

At a sitting in the middle of May, 1933, a further description was given which eventually led us to the place itself - "A place with an address on W ... he went to this W place at certain times." I say it led us eventually to the place itself. It is easy to see this now that one knows the facts, but at the time it only puzzled us.

It was not unnatural that "B" should suggest the Baths, and I inquired whether the family had heard of any infection in connection with pipes at the Baths. This, however, was a false scent, and led to nothing. In the same sitting the actual locality was indicated by the letter "H", but this, like the previous letter "B", failed to convey anything to us at the time.

It is now obvious that "H" meant "the Heights", and "B" the name of Brierfield, the locality in which the Heights are situated.

Guided by the clues given in reply to my inquiries the pipes were finally discovered. Water issued from the ground through iron pipes! It was there that Bobbie had so often played during the weeks preceding his death. Infection from the Water may have caused a condition of blood which weakened the boy's system before the oncoming of diphtheria. Justification for the Communicator's opinion that the boy's death might be attributed to his playing there is found in a statement by the Medical Officer of Health for the district. His letter will be quoted in full.

Let us now take the sittings seriatim.

The Problem of the Pipes

Second Sitting November 18, 1932

FEDA: Did you tell Bobbie's people anything I felt about him here? (Hand touches medium's throat.)

C.D.T.: Yes, that was right, throat trouble, he died from diphtheria.

FEDA: I got it very strongly, that feeling, it is the same one that Gladys had (i.e., Mrs. Leonard, who once had diphtheria). Etta says everything was done for him that could be done, he evidently couldn't be kept here.

C.D.T.: So sad for them.

14) FEDA: Oh, what does she mean? She says he passed over with it. Explain that, Etta, will you? Oh, all right - Etta says, yes, she feels he had diphtheria, but was his heart not strong? Because it seemed to her that it was not just the throat trouble that killed him, it seemed to her there was something which affected his heart apart from the diphtheria.

C.D.T.: I have an idea that the two things sometimes go together.

FEDA: Etta says, I don't think it was quite that. I wonder if he had had something apart from the diphtheria, perhaps before the diphtheria, that had been rather a strain on his heart, weakened his heart in some way, so that the diphtheria was too much for it. Perhaps you can find that out. If it had not been for this condition of heart the diphtheria would not have been too much for him. There was something that weakened his system before; she got a very strong feeling about that.

[Mr. Hatch writes: "Yes, the illness started with tonsilitis, turned to quinsy, and no doubt these weakened the heart."

Apparently Etta meant more than this.]

Third Sitting, December 2, 1932

37) FEDA: Mr. John says he knows he is right about what was said, that the people on earth might have put down about Bobbie's throat and the diphtheria causing his passing, but there was something behind that, and, Mr. John says, he feels certain he is right. There was something behind that condition; he would not have passed over with that condition alone; there was something before that. [See (14) for this earlier reference.]

[Mr. Hatch writes: "We know of nothing except the tonsilitis and quinsy which I have mentioned before."

Note. In later sittings this elusive cause of a predisposition to infection is insisted upon and becomes an intriguing problem. Its final solution was reached during my visit to the house in the summer of 1933, as will be seen when we come to my account of that visit.]

38) FEDA: Will you ask if there is anything they can trace to nine weeks before, something that at the time might not have seemed important? Now, must be careful about this, nine weeks before Bobbie passed over there was something that ought to have been very significant in the face of his passing, something that, in a sense, led up to his passing but not the weakening process that they spoke of before; it was not the something that weakened him, but nine weeks before Bobbie passed over there was something happening, something very significant that had a link with his passing. Well, if it had happened to anyone connected with you, you would have immediately linked up the two happenings - nine weeks before his passing and his actual passing.

C.D.T.: I suppose you could not put in one word what this is?

FEDA: I will see if I can put in a nutshell what I feel about it. Wait a bit, "pipes, pipes"; well, he says just this - "pipes". That word should be sufficient. Leave it like that.

C.D.T.: Was it Bobbie who was telling you about this incident to do with pipes?

FEDA: No, Mr. John. He says, I asked Bobbie a few questions before the sitting that I thought might have a bearing on his earth life, and this was one of them.

[Mr. Hatch writes: "We cannot trace this at all. Nine weeks before his passing I took him to Morecambe for a very short holiday, but nothing of importance happened that I know of. The word 'pipes' conveys nothing to us."]

In subsequent sittings this subject is repeatedly touched upon, and the word "pipes" became our term for it. Not until my visit to Nelson, in June, 1933, did we find any justification for the word. It was then, on learning that Bobbie had kept a diary, that I asked to see it, and at once turned to the date nine weeks before his death in order to discover whether there might be anything relevant to the above. My search was successful. The date, June 16, 1932, contained the statement, "Had two ice creams"; and at June 17 were the words, "joined gang". (See Plate 3). (ISS note: Plate 3 is currently unavailable.) The mention of ice creams suggested possible infection, and the second entry aroused curiosity. Nine weeks before the boy's death on August 12 would be June 10, which is but a few days from the date on which he joined the gang. I inquired what was meant by the "gang", and learnt that it was a secret society formed by Bobbie and one or two of his boy friends; they used to play at having adventures, and chose for the place a spot in the locality which I shall describe when giving an account of my visit to Nelson. It is called The Heights. This spot was decided upon in March and used for play during the summer. The visit to Morecambe, which was for three days at the end of June, would seem to have no bearing on our quest.

Fourth Sitting, January 13, 1933

70) FEDA: Bobbie thinks all the time that there was something that would be wrong with him first, that caused him to take it.

C.D.T.: I don't think his family know of that. FEDA: There was.

C.D.T.: Is that what he thinks now?

FEDA: He does: he had been told there was something in his case which was making it easy not only for him to get it, but not to be able to throw it off when he did get it.

[Mr. Hatch: "His tonsils were unhealthy: this may have caused him to take it."]

FEDA: I don't know what you mean, Bobbie you say you got yours from the pipes.

C.D.T.: That is curious, because my father said that previously, and Bobbie's people can't find any connection with pipes.

FEDA: I think Bobbie is a very clear-minded boy, he seems very intelligent.

[Mr. Hatch replied to this: "We don't know. I think it is very unlikely that Bobbie had heard of anyone catching the disease from pipes."]

Fifth Sitting. January 27, 1933

C.D.T.: Etta, about the "pipes". Bobbie's people still can't trace them. If Bobbie could tell them anything about the pipes it would be very interesting.

80) FEDA: It was not in his home. It was not in a place where he was regularly. There was a place that he went to, not from his home, but while he was in a second place he went to a third one, and through these - what he calls pipes - he picked up the condition which was not the cause of the trouble in the first place, but it introduced a destructive element which resulted in diphtheria.

81) FEDA: You know I told you, didn't I, that there had been a wrong physical condition of Bobbie's for some time before, not a good condition at all; but he went somewhere, you see, not straight from his home, to this other place; while he was at the second place, outside his home, he went to a third place where the pipes were wrong, where he introduced into his system this poisonous condition - where he infected his system.

[Here I must anticipate by giving the interpretation which was only arrived at eight months later than the date of this sitting.

Mr. Hatch wrote me on September 27, 1933, after we had discovered the first pipe: "He would go from the ruined hut, where we believe he played in the Delf, to the pipe which, as you will remember, was quite apart in the open space beyond the Delf." The Delf would be the second place from which he went to the pipes.]

C.D.T.: I wonder where they will be able to trace that place.

FEDA: He is trying to think. I think Bobbie is there. (Hand points.)

C.D.T.: There? Oh, good, perhaps he can tell father.

82) FEDA: He is getting this from him. I get a feeling wherever this place was, of there being animals you call cattle. Mr. John says, make a point of this. I am quite sure of this; yet his people may say when they first read it that he never went to a place where there were such things. But he did. We know we are right in this matter, and that if inquiries are quietly persisted in, it may eventually come to light. Bobbie himself is wishful that this might be so, and two or three friends of his who have passed over are also helping, so that, sooner or later, the matter will be brought to light in what will appear to be an accidental and yet natural manner.

83) Either before or after Bobbie caught it there - we think after - there was something done to apparently improve matters with regard to those "pipes". There was something altered that probably now has improved the condition, made it safer; it was certainly unsafe before.

"'A place he went to ... pipes." As I have found it necessary to introduce a reference to our final solution of the "pipes" problem, it may be well to give the complete story here. This was for long a puzzle to the family, as they knew of no place answering to this description. "Cattle ... his people may say ... he never went to a place where there were such things." "Before or after ... there was something done to improve matters with regard to these pipes." "The matter will be brought to light in what will appear to be an accidental and yet natural manner."

Note how the above remarks fall into line with the following facts. On July 1, 1933, I visited "the Heights" in company with the family. First we inspected the lower portions of the ground, and then explored the disused and overgrown quarry, locally termed "the Delf". On leaving this I noticed a shed somewhat higher up the hill and near the road which bounds the area on its topmost side. On nearing this shed the ground showed marks of animals, and hay was visible in the shed. We therefore examined this shed and found that one end of it was used as a stable, and the other end had stores of hay and straw for bedding. One end was open, and this fact excited interest, since one of the clues was "an open end". Indeed, this shed answered in several particulars to descriptions given in the sittings, as also did the surroundings. (All these points will be found in later sittings.) While we stood there a woman approached. I made some remark about the fine view; she responded suitably, and we entered into conversation. With the puzzle of the "pipes" still revolving in my mind, I inquired whether she knew if children came to play in the quarry. She replied that they did, and that they sometimes made mischief, that among other misdeeds they had "broken the pipe". The mention of a pipe in connection with this spot to which Bobbie's descriptions had led us, and which we already knew answered in several ways to those descriptions, inspired hope that we were on the right track. Further inquiries elicited the information that there was a spring part-way down the hill, where water issued from a pipe. She added that they now had the town water laid on, and so were not dependent upon the pipe. I gathered that this alteration had been made some years before.

Plate 9: The displaced pipe, as we found it.

We then walked down the slope to see the spring. Water issued from the hillside by the side of the displaced pipe, an iron pipe several feet in length. Past this pipe the water trickled down the slope in a small channel of its own making. (See Plate 9.)

We had discovered one pipe, and it was in the place to which the clues given in the sittings had led us. We saw no second pipe, and why the word was used in the plural we failed to guess. Our discovery of this pipe was entirely due to the meeting with our informant. It is unlikely that we should have seen the spring and its pipe but for her remark; for we had visited the same locality a few days before and had not suspected its existence. The pipe is inconspicuously placed, and not visible until one goes quite near, being hidden by the formation of the ground.

A letter from Mr. Hatch dated September 27, 1933, says: "Since your visit last June I have been to the Heights several times, and on one occasion I came across water running from another pipe 'm quite another direction from the first one, but nearly as close to the Delf - it was about three minutes' walk from it. This pipe protrudes over a kind of trough filled with water, and is tucked away at the end of a footpath. Mr. Burrows and I made the discovery."

Thus was the term "the pipes" used by the communicators ever since December 2, 1932, found, in the following September, to be justified by the discovery of two pipes situated in the immediate vicinity of the place frequented by Bobbie and his friend.

Having thus glanced at the end of the story, let us continue the January 1933, sitting.

84) FEDA: The animals will be the best clue. He understands from Bobbie - he says Bobbie seems to suggest to him that his parents were not so familiar with this place, or did not go to it to the same extent that he did.

["Animals the best clue." Yes, it was the sight of animal tracks which led us to examine the shed. "Parents not familiar with this place"; they had not seen it. Bobbie once brought his mother to view the Heights from the lower road, but, finding it would be some distance, and the weather being inclement, they returned home.]

85) FEDA: There was another boy mixed up in this, who went to this place and seemed to be the reason for Bobbie going.

["Another boy." Yes, "the gang" comprised Bobbie and his friend Jack, and they had decided upon this place as their field of operations.

A letter dated November 8, 1933, from Mr. Hatch says: "Did I tell you that I questioned Jack about the pipe that we first found on the Heights and he admitted that he and Bobbie played with the water?"]

C.D.T.: I wonder what sort of a place it was, and where?

86) FEDA: Wait a minute, I am getting a feeling of it not being quite a country place.

[This is accurate.]

C.D.T.: I wonder what Bobbie did when he was there?

87) FEDA: They are showing me places like stables now; you know what barns are, well, like barns and stables. I am getting straw in big bundles, I have got to call it a barn, with one side nearly, or all, open more like a shelter place.

88) I don't seem to he quite in the country, there is so much building round that it hides what country there may be.

The shed is a stable at one end and a store, or small barn, at the other.

Plate 10: The shed.

"One side nearly, or all, open, more like a shelter Place": an exact description. (See Plate 10.) "Building round hides what country there may be": there are buildings near which hide the view in two directions, yet there is an extensive view over Nelson and the country from the front of the barn. So the description is not strictly correct. One may hazard the guess. however, that Bobbie was giving his recollection of the prospect as seen from within the Delf. From that position one sees nothing of the surrounding country, because the sides of the quarry and the building bound the view all round.

Sitting continued

89) FEDA: I must not say this is anything to do with it, but I hear water running, as if big taps were turned on, and water trickling, as if it is running into a kind of gutter or drain. Like a swilling. they are trying to make me say the word "swilling".

[Mr. Hatch did not understand this, but, assuming that it related in some way to the pipes, replied, "We still cannot trace this matter of the pipes. We will make further inquiries."]

These further inquiries were, however, fruitless.

It was not until three months after this sitting of January 13, i.e., in March, 1933, that the family accidentally learnt the whereabouts of the gang's playground; but only on July 1, 1933, was the mystery solved by our discovering the first of the two pipes. It was then fine weather and the water was only "trickling", but after heavy rains the sound would certainly convey the idea of "swilling", for then the water comes out with a rush. It falls into a pool, which overflows into a kind of gutter which runs down the steep slope of the hill.

Sixth Sitting, February 16, 1933

FEDA: Bobbie says he is very pleased with the result of his messages, but there has been something that rather puzzled him. He was puzzled because they could not make it out.

C.D.T.: Would he like to make it easier for them by giving clues?

FEDA: It was to do with what he calls "the pipes."

C.D.T.: I thought so. That is the most important point of all, and the one that has puzzled them most.

FEDA: He says, I know I am right about it; and did he tell you before that the pipes were not at home?

[Mr. Hatch replied to this: "We are still very puzzled about the references to 'the pipes'."]

C.D.T.: Isn't it a pity, Feda, that we can't get the name of the place?

(Feda's part of the following dialogue is reproduced in her characteristic diction)

96) FEDA: I am getting a funny name, it sounds to Feda like Bentley. This is what he calls a clue to it.

97) Bentley and Stoo, something, Stock, Stop, begins Stoo.

98) FEDA: He is trying to show me - make me feel - a town, not a pretty town, it is full of streets, you know, streets full of ugly people that does not know anything about Feda.

C.D.T.: You mean ugly streets and houses, not people.

FEDA: No, ugly people, not the streets; you see they doesn't know anything about Feda, or about this subject.

C.D.T.: "But knowledge to their eyes her ample page,
Rich with the spoils of time did ne'er unroll,
Chill penury repressed their nobler rage,
And froze the genial current of their soul."

FEDA: I should like to learn poetry. I don't think they have got many "spoils" of anything, and they all goes miserable and looking on the ground, and coughing and sneezing and being awful unhappy.

C.D.T.: Did Bobbie tell you this?

FEDA: Yes, and they are going down hill where shops is and houses and they goes down this hill and they come to a cross road; and I think there is a big station there; because there is a bridge just down that turning.

One of the cross roads leads to a dark bridge where trains goes what you say "expectorating" like that, ch-ch-ch- and blowing out sparks and stuff. That is what a lady told me is right "spectorating". And then if you does not turn down to where the trams is you go straight up a hill opposite you, and I see Bobbie going up that hill, and I am following him up it, and he is getting a little bit away from the town part, he is getting more towards houses and less shops and cleaner and less of the poor miserable people. It feels a bit brighter, you see, there. Oh, now I am getting the name again that sounds like Ben or Bentley.

Mr. Hatch's comments are given below. Endosed with them was a rough sketch which I have embodied in the lower part of the one here shown (Plan B). (ISS note: Plan B is currently unavailable.)

Plate 11: Stocks by churchyard entrance.

"You will see by the enclosed sketch-map that the description of the town is quite a good one. The name Bentley is particularly good, as you will notice that there is a Bentley Street near our house and adjoining Bobbie's School. In the Churchyard higher up, mentioned before in the sittings, are the Stocks used long ago for ill-doers. But we can see no connection between these and the 'pipes'. It is true that it is cleaner and brighter as you go up the hill. (See Plate 11.)

"It seems from this sitting, and from a previous one, that Bobbie went from School to the place where the pipes were. But, so far as our knowledge goes, the only place answering to this description is the Baths, and this does not fit in with the account of a barn-like place, with hay, etc."

The solution was reached at a much later date, namely, on July 1, 1933.

The effort for a name, Stoo, Stop, etc., once achieved "Stock". which is almost Stocks. The Stocks are just inside the entrance of the Churchyard previously mentioned.

I have marked the described route by a dotted line in the map. The description seems to start from Bobbie's home and, going down hill, takes left-hand turn to railway station and railway bridge; turning back from the tram lines, which would be reached if one should proceed some yards further, it goes uphill past his home again in the direction of the Church, passing one end of Bentley Street, which Bobbie would specially remember, as his School was there. (Cf. Plan C.) (ISS note: Plan C is currently unavailable.)

Mr. Hatch wrote on March 17, 1933, "First with regard to the route which you have traced on the map: It certainly does agree with the description, and I agree that it seems to reveal an intimate knowledge of the locality. It is somewhat puzzling to understand why this particular route should have been described."

Sixth Sitting continued

99) FEDA: There is somebody there called "Phil", it sounds to Feda like Phil. Will you tell them that the name Phil is a clue?

100) FEDA: There was a boy called Peter who knew this place too. Bobbie is not quite sure whether his real name was Peter, but they called him Peter. And, wait a bit, and another boy whose name sounds like Eric or Alec.

Mr. Hatch, in referring to the above, wrote, "We are trying to trace the names Peter, Alec or Eric, but have not succeeded yet, also Phil."

Bobbie often talked of his school companions, but the names of many of these are not remembered by the family.

In the above-quoted letter of March 17, 1933, Mr. Hatch said:

"With regard to references to the 'pipes' I may say that we seem at last to be on the track of what has been insisted upon so frequently. The references seem to point to a place which had been visited by Bobbie and a boy friend, and by them only. Neither his mother nor I had ever been there. Perhaps I had better not say more at present as some more information may come through. We cannot trace the names of his friends that were given. Do you think it will be possible to get any further information about Bobbie's visits to the place where the 'pipes' were?"

The family tell me that, in view of this possibility, they thought it better not to question Bobbie's friend Jack, but to see if Bobbie could solve the mystery himself.

Eighth Sitting, March 24, 1933

107) FEDA: Etta says I am perfectly certain that they will verify the evidence about the pipes.

C.D.T.: I would like you to give them all the help you can because it would be such a good point.

FEDA: She says, a very good evidential point indeed. And, bearing that in mind, will you write and ask them not to tell you anything they discover until we have given you a little more about it? in case they should write and tell you something that we might be just waiting to give you.

Ninth Sitting, April 10, 1933

(Early in the sitting came the following dialogue thus:)

C.D.T.: I want to ask about little Bobbie, have they heard anything more about him?

FEDA: Would you like them to get any more about him?

C.D.T.: Well, it was all very interesting, and I think it would be worthwhile getting more. I am eager that his people should find out about these pipes; if I could help them to do that we might finish the case, but we can't really finish the case until they have found out about the pipes.

FEDA: Mr. John thinks they are on the track.

(Later in this sitting the subject was continued thus:)

108) FEDA: Something has just come to Mr. John's mind about Bobbie, he wondered whether he had given it before. Has Bobbie ever said anything at the sittings about a brook or inland water? It seems to be some special piece of water, and he would often go to a place situated close to this water; it almost feels like swampy to Feda.

C.D.T.: That was mentioned once, but not a brook, merely a little place neat a stile where water was. (See No. 45.)

FEDA: No, it is not to do with that either; another place altogether. It is rather important to him, as if he had something rather special there.

Mr. Hatch replied to this, "The reference to a brook or inland water might mean a boating pool which he liked to visit, but the swampy condition is incorrect."

Plate 12: The pool and pipe.

On my visit to Nelson in June, 1933, it was explained that on this boating pool in Thompson's Park Bobbie used to row in the canoes. On July 1st I paid my second visit, during which we found the first of the pipes on Marsden Heights. It was when reconsidering this paragraph 108) after that visit that I noticed how perfectly it applied to the place where we saw water issuing from the pipe. (See Plate 12.) The water made a small pool and swampy area around the spot where it issued from the hill. If this was a reference to the "pipe" place it would be specially relevant in view of my request early in this sitting, and conversation about Bobbie's people being on the track of the place. I incline, therefore, to think that this alludes to the place where "the gang" used to play and where we later discovered the pipe.

Tenth Sitting, May 19, 1933

115) FEDA: Now, look, he wanted to say that he thought that they were on the track of what he spoke about, the trouble he spoke about, that had a connection with his passing.

C.D.T.: Can you help them any more about it? I have not heard whether they have found it or not.

FEDA: Well, now, he says this, that they were on the right track, but there has been a difficulty, they have been held up in their investigations. Bobbie has been expecting this, and he is not disappointed about it, because he felt it was going to be difficult; he felt there would be obstacles in the way of proving it, or bringing it to light. You see, there are two different bodies of people to contend with. He says they know what I am talking about, two different bodies, and neither of them would make it easy, but one might make it easier than the other.

[Mr. Hatch wrote: "Perhaps we had better leave this till we can talk it over with you; there is a strange confusion with parts very correct.

The mystery might have been already solved by this time, for anything I knew to the contrary; but Bobbie seems to have been aware of the progress of events.

"Two ... to contend with", the family interpret this as meaning that they were divided as to the places meant, which was indeed the fact at the date of this sitting.]

116) FEDA: "Underground", something to do with taking up ground, underground. I don't know what he means, but this is what he says; he can't help them very much more about this just now.

[This is vague, but may possibly have been an endeavour to indicate the spot where we eventually found the pipe and a small stream issuing from the ground.]

117) C.D.T.: Bobbie, I am going there in about a month's time; if I wanted to go to the place where the pipes are, and wished to start from the Railway Station - do you know what I should do? I should walk up the hill past your house; and when past your house and a little uphill, what ought I to do then? Is that the right direction?

FEDA: Yes, and there is another way to it, past the school. He says, I should think past the house and keep straight on.

C.D.T.: Yes, and what am I to look out for? Would the place be on the main road or should I have to turn somewhere?

118) FEDA: It seems to be on the right. I don't think it is very far from the main road; I think it is on it.

[My question was based upon the sketch map sent by Mr. Hatch to illustrate a previous sitting. I aimed to provide Bobbie with a starting point from which he might describe the route to the pipes. It so happened that my suggested route was quite in order, for that is one way to Marsden Heights.

"Another way past the school"; this is correct.

"Turn right"; correct. One goes past the Church some distance and then turns up a short blind road on the right. A gate at its end opens on to the Heights. (Cf. Plan C.)] (ISS note: Plan C is currently unavailable.)

119) FEDA: On that main road he shows me it goes uphill, all the way almost, not just a little bit of a hill. Now for a good distance is it more open on the left than right? You see a main road, and yet I feel spaces. It is not all built on, there are lots of buildings, but lots of spaces as well. He says there are still some spaces. The whole of that main road is rather a mixture. This main road at one time was not much built on, and it has been much built on lately, like a mixture of space and new buildings.

C.D.T.: Then I go on up the hill and what do I come to?

120) FEDA: Is there a place with an address on "B"? He is trying to write it up on a board. The place seemed to be close to a place where he went to. He went to this "B" place at certain times. I had better wait and see.

["Uphill" is correct; "Spaces and buildings" also correct. In Bobbie's time it was still more open on the left-hand side than on the right. "Place 'B'", the Marsden Heights, in which the pipe was found, is in the Brierfield Urban District.

"Went at certain times"; this locality was the chosen play place of "the gang".]

C.D.T.: Don't you mean the Baths, Bobbie? FEDA: He does; it was connected with and mixed up with the baths somehow.

C.D.T.: Is it within the same walls, under the same roof?

121) FEDA: Isn't it a nuisance I can't quite get that? Don't ask him that, I think there is something he is trying to get. I have got to be awful sure about this - the place he would go in the doorway - because it is on the corner of the side road, and I get the feeling that often he would go a bit down the side road to get to the place where he went.

It seems clear now, at this point, I introduced much confusion by assuming that the letter "B" stood for the Baths; for Feda accepted my idea and referred to it as the Baths under the impression that Baths was the correct name.

My second question about being under a roof evidently puzzled and confused, and quite naturally so, if I am right in my surmise that the boy was describing an out-of-door place.

"Doorway at corner of side road"; the gateway into the Heights is at the left corner at the top of the short, blind road. Bobbie would go through it to get to the gang's playing spot near the water pipe in the hill side.

Sitting continued

C.D.T.: I want to ask him if he had been drinking the water at the Baths.

122) FEDA: He knows what he had been told it is. He has been told that this was the cause of it. You know what he would call the baths - I am letting him say what he wants to, because you can see if he is accurate - He says he thinks what he remembers is that a part of this building is not quite the same. You puzzled him a bit asking whether it was near the building, because it was not built at the same time, there was something that had to be built on afterwards. When it was thought to be all complete there was something added to it, quite a good big portion.

"You know what he would call the baths"; here Feda accepts my term for the place in question and alludes to it as "the baths". We must, however, keep in mind the probability that what Feda and I are terming "the Baths" is really the place which Bobbie and my communicators call "the pipes" or "B". Let us see if what follows will apply to the latter place; for it certainly does not apply to the Baths.

"You puzzled him ... something built on afterwards." This addition to a building correctly describes the shed or barn by the Delf: this erection shows clear evidence of having been added to from time to time. It is a home-made structure of wood and corrugated iron put together as need arose. It is quite likely that an observant boy would have noticed these additions.

Sitting continued

123) FEDA: Is there a district there that begins with the letter "H" near the baths, a longish name? He calls it the district.

C.D.T.: I'll inquire.

124) FEDA: You see, he knew somebody living in the "H" part that used to go to the same place.

[The Marsden Heights were always called by Bobbie "The Heights". Who is meant by "somebody" is uncertain. There are alternative explanations.]

125) FEDA: Look, you have been going up hill, haven't you; suppose you were to go down to the right, like a side way, when you have gone up a hill, you wouldn't go very far to the right before you come to a place that was - there are no cliffs there, are there? - he is trying to make me feel such a peculiar place, it feels to me almost like a drop, a kind of abrupt drop down, not an ordinary hill. And as if there is still some evidence of it being there, but not quite as it was.

The above correctly describes a road to the right, after one has come uphill from Bobbie's house, and a walk by the quarry alluded to in a previous sitting (Cf. Nos. 41-44). "Not quite as it was"; in Bobbie's time a stile separated this walk by the quarry from the side road. The stile has since been removed, and protective railings now separate the path from the abrupt edge of the quarry. The sides of the quarry are like cliffs.

Sitting continued

126) FEDA: And you can get to that place by walking up the hill and turning to the right near the baths; not, perhaps, the best way, but you could get so.

[This short paragraph summarises the foregoing and is perfectly correct if one substitutes "Brierfield Height?' for "the Baths".]

THE PIPES
Abbreviations

M: Memory. 
O: Opinion or Observation.
R: Right. 
G: Good. 
F: Fair. 
P: Poor. 
D: Doubtful.

Sittings
2 Nov. O : R. A previous weakening (14).
3 Dec. O : R. Predisposing cause for Bobbie's illness (37).
O : R. Event nine weeks before the death for which "pipes" will be the clue 38).
4 Jan. O : G. Previous constitutional weakness and further reference to the "pipes" (70).

Sittings
5 Jan
M : R. Pipes not in house, reached via a second place (80).
M : G. Connection between pipes and infection (81).
M : R. Animals there will be clue to pipes (82).
O : D. An alteration has made the pipes less dangerous (83).
M : R. Bobbie's people not familiar with the pipes place (84).
M : R. Another boy went there with Bobbie (85).
M : R. Not quite country where pipes are (86).
M : R. Stables, straw. One side partly open (87).
M : F. View of country hidden by buildings (88).
M : P. Water trickling or swilling (89).

6 Feb
M : R. Bentley is a clue to the pipes place (96).
M : G. and Stock (97).
M : R. A route given in detail (98).
M : D. The name Phil is a clue (99).
M : D. and other boys' names (100).

8 Mar
O : R. Etta certain that the pipes will be discovered (107).

9 Apr
M : F. Brook or inland water to which Bobbie went (108).

10 May
O : F. His people's attitude respecting the pipes problem (115).
M : D. Underground (116).
M : R. Pipes can be reached past the school (117).
M : R. A turning to the right (118).
M : R. Route uphill described (119).
M : R. Place "B" (120).
M : R. Enter at corner of side road (121).
M : F. Building that was added to (122).
M : R. District there is "H" (123).
M : D. Another living there went too (124).
M : R. Route near place with precipitous drop (125).
M : R. Can be reached by alternative route 126).

Result of the above analysis:

BEFORE proceeding to discuss the significance of the foregoing messages it may be convenient to notice in brief summary how the evidence accumulated month by month from November, 1932, to May, 1933.

In November, December and January we find Etta, John, and finally Bobbie himself expressing the opinion that Bobbie's illness could be traced to something connected with pipes. (14, 37, 38, 70.)

An event nine weeks before death will be a clue. 38).

In January my request for further clues brought the information that these pipes were not at the boy's home; that animals would be a guide to their position; that Bobbie's people did not know of the place, but that he went there with another boy. As a further clue there was described a barn or stables. (80, 82, 84, 85, 87.)

In February the route leading to these pipes was described in part. (96, 98.)

In March Etta expressed certainty that the pipes would be discovered. 107.)

In May Bobbie gave directions pointing to the exact locality where the pipes were eventually found. (117, 118, 119, 120, 123, 126.)

In July the first of the two pipes was discovered and the second in September.

__________________________

No maps of Nelson were to be had, either in guide-book or local directory, and it was not until these sittings were over and the pipes found that I inspected ordnance survey maps, both the large scale and the small. I found springs indicated, but no mention of pipes.

My knowledge of Nelson was restricted to the fact of its being a manufacturing town, united with others in a valley, and that the surrounding country was hilly. Mrs. Leonard was told nothing whatever about the subject of these sittings, nor did I mention the place to Feda.

We have seen that the information given about the existence and whereabouts If these Pipes was correct. Let us now consider whether there was justification for the opinion, so confidently expressed, that Bobbie's death might be attributed to the pipes.

The water issuing from the hillside is pure, but it falls into pools, one of which is on the open hillside where it would be visited by wild birds, poultry and animals.

At my request the Brierfield Medical Officer of Health, Dr. J. Strachan Wilson, M.B., C.M., visited the place. He afterwards sent me the following report:

Town Hall, Brierfield, 

Lancashire,
February 21, 1934.

Dear Sir,

Your letter of the 10th instant, re springs on Marsden Heights, to hand.

Mr. Haigh, the Sanitary Inspector, and myself visited the two springs you mention. The water in both pools is obviously liable to contamination from surface water and is not fit for drinking purposes. Any person, child or adult, might develop a low or even an acute infection from the drinking of such water.

We have had samples of the water issuing from the hillside, in both cases, analyzed, and the analysis shows that the water from both sources is suitable for drinking. 

Yours faithfully,

J. S. Wilson,
Medical Officer of Health.

That verdict about the pools into which the pipe-water falls is decisive. We are certain that Bobbie frequently played by this water during several weeks; then came an illness which, beginning with tonsilitis, turned to quinsy and then to the diphtheria which overcame him.

The accompanying photograph of the pipe and pool nearest to the Delf shows how close is the surface of the water to the mouth of the pipe. The fall is only two inches. Bobbie's friend, Jack, says that they "played with the water". A boy who was playing with water as it issued from the pipe could scarcely avoid wetting his hands in the contaminated pool below. Those wet hands might easily convey infection to the mouth, either by wiping on handkerchief or by cupping them for a mouthful of water from the pipe. Bobbie lived in a healthy part of Nelson and there were, as I am informed by the local Medical Officers of Health, only two other cases of diphtheria in Nelson at that time, and four in the Brierfield area. (See Plate 12.)

There our definite information ends.

The communicators may or may not have been correct in concluding that Bobbie's death was caused directly or indirectly by his playing with this water. We cannot be certain, nor would the proved truth or error of their opinion affect the evidence that they were in possession of facts on which such a conjecture might reasonably be based. These facts were: the existence and locality of the pipes, the pool into which the water discharged, the frequenting of this place by the boys and their playing with the water. Anyone acquainted with these facts might have suspected that the throat affection which followed was traceable to the contaminated water. But no one on earth had the least suspicion of this until it was stated in the course of these sittings.

What makes the incident really remarkable from the evidential point of view is that the members of Bobbie's family were entirely ignorant of the facts, and that the only person acquainted with them, besides Bobbie himself, was his companion Jack certainly a most unpromising and unlikely source of telepathic information on the subject. Yet the existence of this water was asserted and reasserted during a period of six months, and the pipes were finally discovered by our following up the clues given.

Whence, then, came the knowledge so clearly displayed? Was it from minds on earth? Doubtless many persons were aware of those pipes on the Heights; yet it is certain that not one among them ever suspected that I was taking sittings on behalf of Bobbie's family. That fact was private to the few persons in Bobbie's group. The only others who knew, namely, my stenographer, my wife and I, were unaware of the existence of the Heights. No one person knew both facts, viz., that the pipes existed, and that I was inquiring about Bobbie. Whence, then, came the information? It is a problem which I commend to the attention of those who may hesitate to share my conviction that Bobbie Newlove and his friends in the Beyond gave the messages.

Telepathy from minds on earth is regarded by some as an alternative hypothesis to communication from the departed.

There is little to be said for it. We have no record of long and detailed messages being conveyed from one person to another by telepathy. Whether spontaneous or experimental, telepathy is always fragmentary.

Consider our story of the pipes. There were no people on earth who knew the two facts which are so emphatically and continuously interwoven in the sittings, viz. 1: that Bobbie played with the water on the Heights, and 2: that I was trying to get from him messages for his people. These two facts were, however, known to some very acute intelligence somewhere, who made use of them during a period of six months in face of incredulity by Bobbie's people and our failure to understand.

This knowledge about the pipes - which proved to be accurate - could not have come by telepathy from Bobbie's home circle, because no one there was aware of the existence of the pipes. Members of the "gang", on the other hand, would have no idea that Bobbie hurt himself by playing with the water, not of the fact that I was seeking to obtain messages from him.

Critics who wish to apply the telepathic hypothesis to this case will need to assume, without any justification for such an assumption, that thoughts pass between people who have not heard of each other and between whom there is no link save that they were interested in a person who died. And further, the selection must be assumed to act with unerring discretion, so that no facts are allowed to pass which do not relate to the inquiry in hand. In short, everything must happen exactly as if an intelligent supervisor were obtaining information from the deceased for the purposes of the inquiry.

The following letter by Mr. H. Hatch vouches for the accuracy of statements made in this narrative:

Thornton House,
58 Hibson Road,
Nelson, Lancs.

March 11, 1935.

Perhaps some matters in this book will be clearer if I explain my connexion with Bobbie. I am his mother's stepfather, but he lived in my home all his short life. His own father only knew him when a baby and I looked upon Bobbie as my son, and he thought of me as his father.

I ought to say also that I have no connexion with Spiritualism, that I have taken an Honours degree in Science, and that I have spent most of my life in teaching science and in writing text-books.

I am perfectly certain that the evidence proves that knowledge of facts and places was obtained in some abnormal way - how, it is for psychic researchers to say.

Fraud is quite out of the question. As explained in the book, none of the facts, places or people were known to either the sitter or the medium. I was most careful in my letters to make no statements other than comments on evidence already given.

I would direct particular attention to the statement about the photograph of Bobbie with "a board in front" and "a round thing without a peak" on his head (34 and 35). The chances against correct guessing here seem to me to be so high as to make the theory absurd.

Telepathy can only be an explanation if by that vague term one here means the power of the medium to read the subconscious thoughts of people (1) whom she did not know, (2) of whose locality in Britain she had no idea, (3) who did not know when the sittings were in progress, (4) who were actually over 200 miles distant. I suggest that this hypothesis is too far-fetched.

I wish to say that all the statements of fact made by Mr. Drayton Thomas are absolutely true. I shall be glad to answer any questions relating to them.

(Signed) Herbert Hatch.

It may be asked why such importance was attached to so trifling a matter as the pipes. Let it be noted that it was I who brought this topic into prominence by repeatedly demanding further information on the subject. I wished to solve the puzzle because members of the Nelson family were unable to suggest a solution. But for my persistence in questioning we should not have discovered the facts, and so an instructive sidelight on the difficulties of communication would have been missed.

Trifling details may be used for important ends. That is well illustrated in the present case. The clues so confidently given by my Communicators reveal a knowledge, and a conspicuously intelligent use of that knowledge, which cannot logically be attributed to minds at Nelson or anywhere else on earth. They thus provide clear-cut proof of intercourse with those in the Life Beyond Death.

The proportion of success in these Bobbie Newlove messages banishes any doubt based upon the possibility of chance coincidence. Fraud or collusion is quite out of the question.

Much of the evidence given was exactly such as we should expect from a little boy; it relates to his treasured possessions, his special interests in the home or elsewhere, his games, the local Gala and the annual Fair with its swings and racing track. It includes correct descriptions of streets and roads around his home, even mentioning the street which must have been specially familiar to him because his school was there.

The replies to questions sent by Bobbie's people show intimate knowledge of the boy's interests both within the house and elsewhere.

In response to my persistent inquiry as to the whereabouts of the pipes, there was given a mass of information which was finally found to be correct, although much of it was entirely unknown to Bobbie's relatives. Above all, there emerged in the course of the sittings a suggestion which had never occurred to anyone, and which related to the probable cause of the child's death. Investigations following up the clues given have shown the extreme probability that the communicators were right in their surmise, and that the boy's system was injuriously affected through his playing with contaminated water in a place of which his people knew nothing - and of the existence of which they remained sceptical for a period of six months. This is conclusive evidence that the messages did not emanate from minds on earth; for no one who knew of those pipes had the least suspicion that I was receiving messages relating to Bobbie Newlove, or, indeed, of my existence. On the other hand, I had not the least knowledge of the Marsden Heights or that Bobbie had played at any place where there was contaminated water. My knowledge of Bobbie and his home was limited to what his people wrote in commenting upon each sitting as the records reached them. I was told nothing which could have enabled me to elaborate the messages even had I been sufficiently unprincipled to wish to do so.

We have, therefore, a feature which is probably unique in the records of psychical research. It is this surprising expression, definite, emphatic and repeated, of an opinion which had no existence in the thought of any person on earth previous to its emergence at these sittings. No clairvoyant inspection of the Marsden Heights would afford the medium information as to the reason why the boy's illness should have ended fatally; leakage from human minds and the supernormal acquisition of information by the medium's unaided faculty are both ruled. out by the circumstances of the case.

Is there any alternative but to recognize the activity of extra-mundane intelligence, one which knew facts which were unknown to the family at Nelson, and which based on those facts a conclusion which is highly probable if not demonstrably correct?

In these sittings we find numerous clearly-expressed and even long and intricate descriptions. This is never achieved telepathically, apart from mediumistic utterance. Telepathy, as we know it from spontaneous occurrence and from experiment, is chiefly feeling, rarely a transmission of clear-cut thought. Now we may ask, are the numerous clear-cut and accurate thoughts, which were expressed in the course of these sittings, sent by persons at Nelson or not? If they came from Nelson they would represent a triumph which places them in a class of telepathy about which psychical research knows nothing. But we have seen that the most outstanding feature of these sittings-the pipes problem - did not come from people at Nelson. Telepathy from earth was ruled out. Consequently, we may, in my opinion, confidently assume that the information, so copiously and so accurately given, came from Bobbie Newlove's mind and was transmitted to Leonard-Feda. In other words, it was not due to the telepathy which is familiar to psychical research, whether in experiment or observation, but is an instance of information imparted by one who had left the physical body behind at death.

Let the reader turn to section 130 and note the boy's description of his attitude towards his mother. Much of it would be far from true of most boys, yet it is recognized as being "remarkably correct". Now that I have met Mrs. Newlove I can vouch for its perfect relevancy. Notice, also, that it rings true to the boy's viewpoint, and is not the kind of description which would have been derived from his mother's thought about him. Such a message as this exceeds, in extent and in detail, anything known to have passed from mind to mind on earth by extra-sensory channels. When it is remembered that my only link with the family consisted of letters sent in acknowledgment of my report of sittings, that I knew nothing but what these told me, and that the family were most careful to give me no information likely to lessen the evidential value of subsequent messages - remembering all this, it would be difficult to maintain the supposition that the medium was reading my mind, or tapping the thought of unknown persons two hundred miles distant in an unnamed town.

The most puzzling question connected with the problem of the pipes relates to the difficulty experienced by the communicators in telling what they knew. It is evident that they knew the facts during the six months which elapsed between their first hint and our final discovery. And there is no reason to doubt their wish to make it plain.

Why, then, could not the facts have been stated in one short sentence, such as, "Bobbie played by the pipes where springs issue on the Heights"? That is the question which I asked my father after the mystery had been solved. His reply, which opens up the whole subject of modus operandi, was, in substance, this: The difficulty lay in the necessity of fitting in the information, of being able at the opportune moment to fit it upon the medium's brain, either personally or through Feda. The several parts of any message which we desire to give may be likened to the separate pieces of a puzzle. "I should wish", said he, "to start with that piece which will enable me to proceed methodically, but I may find that I cannot convey it to Feda, or that she cannot convey it to the medium. So I have to give just whatever happens to fit at the moment. Then, suddenly, while the medium's mental activity is running like a machine, I notice it bringing up something which harmonizes with a different piece of the puzzle, and I hurriedly cast about to find the piece that will fit. Even when the opportune moment comes, I may be further embarrassed by failure to recall my prepared material. Hence it is necessary that I should provide clues, or association-links, with my own material, in order that I may recollect it instantly when it is required. That which I hope to give must harmonize, or associate with, what is uppermost in the medium's brain, or I shall fail to attach it and to fit it in so that it will be taken. All happens in accordance with the laws of association. The brain does not take that which is at the moment unsuited to it. I frequently wish to speak on a particular subject, but cannot. I may try to lead up to my desired topic, but that leading up to it is, in effect, 'padding'. Much of a sitting may consist of that, and while the communicator keeps the brain-machine revolving in the hope that it will bring round something suitable to his purpose, the chances are that the sitter, being unaware of this, grows listless and weary because, although words are being spoken, they do not convey anything that he wishes to hear. Did he fully realize what is going on he might assist in giving us the opportunity for which we are waiting." Finally he added:

"Much depends upon the medium's condition at the time, but the sitter's attitude also exerts its influence: keen interest freed from anxiety is a great assistance, and although we dislike leading questions, yet suitable questions will sometimes help." That was the pith of the reply.

We are, I think, better able to perceive his meaning if we recall the difficulty sometimes felt by ourselves in speaking to others of things we deeply feel. Very sensitive persons become keenly aware of that difficulty: they feel, without realizing how, that it is useless to mention some particular subject, because it would be incompatible with the other person's present state of mind. So we decide to wait a more suitable opportunity lest the seed fall upon ground too stony to receive it. It is the highly sensitive minds which feel this most strongly, and it is, I think, beyond question that the mind of a medium in trance is super-sensitive. I imagine that the mind of the communicator is vastly more so.

When psychology achieves a more complete understanding of the working of the average mind, and shows us the meaning of those puzzling differences which we often notice in ourselves between one time and another, it may help us to fathom the precise difficulties of those who, from life's further side, strive to express their thoughts to us by means of a stranger's brain.

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